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• May 31, 2024 · Trade is a basic economic concept involving the buying and selling of goods and services, with compensation paid by a buyer to a seller, or the exchange of goods or services between parties. Email: bis@dti. Imports . The implementation of the new Omnibus Law was Indonesia’s most serious attempt at business reforms. The International Trade Administration’s U. services import and export statistics. Apr 7, 2023 · The United States has responded with trade policy actions including tariffs, sanctions, and export controls. Make informed decisions based on accurate and up-to-date information. -Japan trade in goods and services was worth $309 billion. 5 days ago · The U. If it imports less than it exports, that creates a trade surplus. The few lines with non-zero duties are for certain alcoholic beverages. “We find new clients for our customs brokerage in the ImportGenius database almost every day. imports of trade goods and services from 2010 to 2022, by quarter (in billion U. The trade deficit has been growing for much of the last two years. 5 percentage points, resulting in 10 to 20 percent higher income after a decade. Between April 2023 and April 2024 the exports of India have increased by $231M (0. 9 billion in May to $100. Steel Import Monitor combines data from Census and import licenses, updated weekly; (2) the Global Steel Trade Monitor shows trends for top steel trading countries; (3) the Steel Export Monitor shows public U. had 499 Anti-dumping and Countervailing Duty orders in place against imports from 51 countries. s are concentrated on agriculture, textiles, and footwear. Puyat Avenue, Makati City, Philippines. 4 percent) to $1. 29 of 2021 (Reg 29/2021), the law gives the Ministry of Trade (MoT) the authority to issues approvals, verifications, obligations, and licenses on import-export activities. . *Note: Total value is the combined total of maritime cargo import and export values per port in 2018. As the U. 53,119,737,707. These include subsidies, tariffs, quotas, import and export Jul 14, 2022 · Take a closer look at the United States' top imports. 1 billion) of total goods trade ($5,291. 8B, making it the number 88 exporter in the world. and (5) the Jun 5, 2024 · Import Requirements & Documentation. Jan 23, 2024 · The import duty on the goods under the Customs Tariff Act is determined. Bureau of Economic Analysis and the U. 4B), Computers ($39. Two major protectionist trade policies are tariffs and import quotas. Our data is updated nightly and is based on U. Furthermore, it is usually seen as a short-term type of finance and is provided by a third party. Even the highly developed nations like USA, Japan, and Germany need to import items from other countries. Quotas are announced in specific legislation or may be provided for in the Harmonized If exports are greater than imports, it has a trade surplus. 0 to 1. imports rose more quickly than U. Identify market trends and patterns to anticipate market shifts. ITA helps U. 7B to $35B, while imports increased by $4. Imports in Thailand averaged 12388. 54% (2016) ABOUT US. Other than customs duty, the government charges 17. These regulations are located in 22 CFR 120-130. USDA follows a standard set of regulations and policies to monitor the import of products both domestically and internationally Nov 25, 2023 · Import permit from the competent agencies in case of importing restricted goods or duty exempted goods. To enforce trade laws effectively and minimize the unnecessary slowing of trade, CBP leverages its expertise to identify the highest-risk imports prior to release. 91B in 2017 to $14. 1) Reduces Domestic Shortages : No country in the world is self sufficient in all its needs. com strives to provide a comprehensive and simplified database of U. Recent research shows that trade liberalization increases economic growth by an average of 1. Jan 5, 2024 · Import Tariffs. Dec 5, 2023 · Import Requirements and Documentation. 1B. 44%) from $49. An exception applies only to multinationals, branches, and subsidiaries of multinationals in Egypt. 34 USD Million in June of 2022 and a record low of 2760. Jun 27, 2018 · Tariffs are trade barriers that raise prices and reduce available quantities of goods and services for U. During the last five reported years the exports of Mexico have changed by $122B from $427B in 2017 to $549B in 2022. The deficit increased from $74. The Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) in the Vietnam Import Export Data Overview. 6B), Refined Copper ($2. A country imports Import Finance. International Trade in Goods and Services report (FT900) . Customs duties are levied on ad-valorem basis. 5 billion in April (revised) to $75. The International Traffic in Arms Regulations ("ITAR," 22 CFR 120-130) implements the AECA. 3B), Crude Petroleum ($38. imports from Thailand increased by 23. U. Trade Facilitation and Customs Specialist. 2B), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 Jun 17, 2024 · The latest news on the economy, jobs market, U. Even though America exports billions in oil, consumer goods, and automotive products, it imports even more of those same categories. US View All Export/Import Trade Partners Traded Goods (at the 2-digit HS Code level) Top 10 Export Goods. goods and trade deficit increased 27%, or $182. Goods, services and products brought into a country and which were bought from another country. Manuel. 0 percent sales tax on the duty paid value of a variety of goods produced in or imported into the country. This cutting-edge platform empowers users to adjust their trade strategies based on market insights Merchandise Trade statistics data for Thailand (THA) including exports and imports, applied tariffs, top exporting and importing countries, effectively applied and MFN tariff along with most exported and imported product groups, along with development indicators such as GDP, GNI per capita, trade balance and trade as percentage of GDP for Most Recent Year. In many cases, U. Singapore is generally a free port and an open economy. The Export Solutions Roadmap offers online resources and tools to unlock the knowledge exporters need to begin, grow, and finance international sales. Our customers include some of the world's top importers, exporters, freight forwarders and more. When a country's import expenditure Mar 27, 2022 · Blame Imports for the Trade Deficit . Imports of Textiles, Apparel, Footwear, Leather and Travel Goods. 1B, resulting in a negative trade balance of $19. 5 days ago · U. As per Vietnam Import & Export Shipment Data, the total import export turnover of the country is projected to exceed USD$730 billion in 2021. Data does not include plastic apparel. 389 Sen. 4 billion, from just one year before. ITA Manufacturing Industry Tracker Discover trade patterns and trends facing the professional and business services industry that include accounting, advertising, architecture, computer systems import trade. Saudi Arabia’s Zakat, the tax and customs authority, requires importers to present a commercial invoice, a bill of lading, and a certificate of origin to import goods into Saudi Arabia. foreign trade - imports of trade goods and services by quarter 2010-2022 Total volume of U. Customs' import manifests since March 1st, 2019. exports to Thailand. In 2022, Zambia exported a total of $14. Census, that creates a trade deficit of $485 billion. Since 1990, trade has increased incomes by 24 percent Oct 31, 2023 · Trade Policy Overview of Taiwan in 2023. Additional note: Domestic maritime cargo value handled per port is not available. goods exports to Japan were about $80 billion, while services Aug 8, 2022 · On February 22, 2022, the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) implemented a new requirement indicating that Egypt will only accept Letters of Credit (LCs) in the execution of import operations. Jan 18, 2024 · Import Tariffs. Uncover valuable insights for strategic planning and business growth. According to an annual NBE report, 42% of total import spending ($7. Only one permit is needed for all our trade programs. Import financing makes far more sense than paying cash in advance for goods, even if you have ample cash on hand because Merchandise Trade statistics for Zambia (ZMB) including exports and imports, applied tariffs, top exporting and importing countries, effectively applied and MFN tariff along with most exported and imported product groups, along with development indicators such as GDP, GNI per capita, trade balance and trade as percentage of GDP for Most Recent Year. ImportInfo. Commercial Service helps you reach the 97% of global customers that are outside of the United States – researching markets, finding buyers Merchandise Trade summary statistics data for Bangladesh (BGD) including exports and imports, applied tariffs, top export and import by partner countries and top exported/imported product groups, along with development indicators from WDI such as GDP, GNI per capita, trade balance and trade as percentage of GDP for year 2021 Merchandise Trade statistics data for Zambia (ZMB) including exports and imports, applied tariffs, top exporting and importing countries, effectively applied and MFN tariff along with most exported and imported product groups, along with development indicators such as GDP, GNI per capita, trade balance and trade as percentage of GDP for Most Recent Year. Trade In April 2024, the top exports of India were Petroleum Mar 8, 2024 · This section provides a quick glance of the policy on import and export of goods. In 2022, the Nation’s international related-party trade accounted for 41. Import financing is a specialized Trade Finance Solution used to finance the purchase of goods which are being exported from one country for the purpose of being imported into another country. If a country imports more than it exports, it runs a trade deficit. It also introduces the licensing and registration schemes for certain goods together with further information on related measures: Policy on Import and Export of Goods: A Quick Glance. Access millions of latest and historical trade data records. The seller of such goods and services is called an exporter, while the foreign buyer is known as an importer. source: Ministry of Commerce, Thailand. Certificate of pre-shipment inspection (when applicable) However, since U. Jan 12, 2024 · Importers are required to furnish an import declaration in the prescribed bill of entry format, disclosing full details of the value of imported goods. The Trade Map provides - in the form of tables, graphs and maps - indicators on export performance, international demand, alternative markets and competitive markets, as well as a directory of importing and exporting companies. 1 trillion in 2021. HS Code Export USD$ (27) Oil & Mineral Fuels: $212,585,264,010 International trade is an exchange of a good or service involving at least two different countries. From January to April 2022, the goods and services deficit increased $107. Most importantly, your work underpins fair trade opportunities in the global marketplace by strengthening the competitiveness of U. CREATE YOUR ACCOUNT TODAY. 6 percent ($2,200. Merchandise Trade summary statistics data for India (IND) including exports and imports, applied tariffs, top export and import by partner countries and top exported/imported product groups, along with development indicators from WDI such as GDP, GNI per capita, trade balance and trade as percentage of GDP for year 2021. Provides reference materials and tools for researching cases of import injury. Jun 14, 2024 · The International Trade Commission (ITC) investigates whether injury has occurred and undertakes sunset reviews. S. Velazquez@trade. 9B to $54. The most recent exports are led by Cars ($48. The Department of State is responsible for the export and temporary import of defense articles and services governed by 22 U. Jun 28, 2022 · US Exports vs. State Department that provide for the control of the export and temporary import of defense articles and defense services. Comparative advantage allows for gains from international trade, ultimately leading to increased consumption of goods. The services statistics are estimates of services transactions between foreign countries and the 50 states, the District of Feb 26, 2024 · As India seeks to boost two-way trade, we discuss the import and export procedures, including updates under the Foreign Trade Policy 2023. ph; bis_ifd@dti. This page shows the Balance, Exports and Imports for the current year and prior year, along with the percent change and dollar change between the two. The Balance says the following regarding the term: “Imports are foreign goods and services bought by residents of a country. Combining trade into approximately 140 export and 140 import end-use categories makes it possible to examine goods according to their A trade surplus or trade deficit reflects a country’s balance of trade (which is, essentially, whether a country is a net exporter or importer, and to what extent). Different tariffs applied on different products by different countries. Banks play an integral part in import trade. New Orleans, LA. In 2022, bilateral U. Among the items commonly traded are consumer goods, such as television sets and clothing; capital goods, such as machinery; and raw materials and food. Last published date: 2024-01-03. When a country has a trade deficit, it must borrow from other countries to pay for the extra imports. Taiwan’s merchandise exports amounted to US$ 479 billion in 2022, rising from US$ 454 billion in 2021. Click for pronunciations, examples sentences, video. 8B in 2022. Japan is one of the United States’ most important trade and investment partners. ’ closest land neighbors, Canada and Mexico have been amongst the country’s largest trade partners for many years. You’ll learn about the terminology, trade financing practices, and government assistance. Jan 9, 2024 · Prohibited and Restricted Imports. Under Government Regulation No. USDA provides comprehensive import, trade data, and forecasting research and reports. steel export data; (4) the Melt and Pour Dashboard displays country of melt and pour data collected from SIMA's licensing application data. 5 billion). Apr 5, 2022 · Imports and the Trade Deficit . SC. 9 billion, or 41. dollars) Feb 8, 2022 · The Harmonized System describes and measures the characteristics of the goods and is the basis for the systems used in the United States: Schedule B for exports and Harmonized Tariff Schedule for imports. National sales and local taxes, and in some instances customs fees, are often charged in addition to the tariff. Ethiopia is not a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and thus has no bound tariff rates. Dependency on Foreign Goods: Developing countries might become overly reliant on imported goods, undermining local industries and self-sufficiency. Most goods and services are subject to a 15% VAT, however basic commodities such as wheat, edible oil, sugar, rice, pasta, macaroni, and eggs, and Jan 8, 2024 · Two-way trade of goods in 2022 was more than US $74 billion, with $58. 8 percent in 2022. 67. A key goal for authorities is trade facilitation to streamline trade compliance and customs procedures – part of the broader India@2047 blueprint, which aims to elevate India’s global trade share to 10 percent by 2047. Last published date: 2024-01-18. Jun 20, 2024 · Annual Trade Highlights 2018 Press Highlights. Licensing and Registration Schemes: Classification by Types of Goods. by working collaboratively and collectively with partner government agencies, other foreign governments and the trade to better define and assess risk through increased automation and the sharing of information to encourage greater use of partnership and best practices to Bangladesh Trade Portal (BTP) is an official source of all regulatory information relevant to traders who wish to import goods into Bangladesh or export to other countries. In 2022, Mexico exported a total of $549B, making it the number 10 exporter in the world. For more complete coverage, including interactive data for 1989 forwards for textiles and apparel, and Learn more about the manufacturing industry covering exports, imports, trade balance, industrial production, employment, and producer price index. It applies a Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) zero-duty to nearly 100 percent of its tariff lines. Previous Trade Shifts reports included both data tables and figures as well as a narrative discussion of the data. Merchandise Trade, 2022 (also called Trade Shifts 2022), published by the U. The importer generally receives a bill of exchange from the seller. exports of goods and services to China were $188. The United States imports more than it exports. During the last five reported years the exports of Zambia have changed by $4. Requirements vary country-to-country. 6 billion in Thai exports to the United States and $15. The FDA’s Import Trade Auxiliary Communication System (ITACS) allows the import trade community to upload entry documentation and any additional information requested by the FDA entry reviewer. Original Halal slaughter certificate for meat and Dec 19, 2023 · Seven Major Sources of U. Bureau of Economic Analysis collects and compiles U. 59,580,288,084. The country will have a trade surplus of over USD$10 billion, marking a track record of the country for maintaining trade surplus for seven consecutive years. Pakistan uses the Harmonized System to classify goods. 295,283 (2016) No. Import and Trade Research. 2778 of the Arms Export Control Act (AECA) and Executive Order 13637. Related-party total goods trade is based on imports for consumption and total exports. May 7, 2024 · The barriers to international trade are policies that governments implement to prevent international trade and protect domestic markets. Exporters is the place to discover how to finance new export sales. It's like a household that's just starting out. International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) - Regulations administered by the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) within the U. Apr 4, 2022 · Trade is an engine of growth that creates better jobs, reduces poverty, and increases economic opportunity. The importer is also required to present additional documents for certain imports. 8 billion in U. Trade Map covers 220 countries and territories and 5300 products of the Harmonized System. Until recently, the importer was also required to submit a combined certificate value & origin (CCVO). All countries require documentation for imported products and have certain regulations that must be met to ensure safety, quality, and conformity. exports to Thailand increased by 25 percent, while U. 6 billion, up 17. Investigation No. exporters will face additional regulations, testing, labeling Trade (% of GDP): 45. Last published date: 2024-06-05. Original health certificate issued by the appropriate government agency in the exporting country, attesting to the product’s fitness for human consumption. In the post-release environment, CBP utilizes a sophisticated system of reviews and audits to verify import compliance and accurate revenue collection. 27,931 (2016) Percentage of Exporters Classified as Small and Medium-size Companies. Browse the Country profile section to obtain countries exports, imports and tariff statistics along with relevant development data. Data compiled by the United Nations Statistics Division covers approximately 200 Commerce publishes: (1) the U. 1%, from the same period in 2021. The US trade deficit — exports minus imports — contracted by almost 19% in 2023. gov. All four trade monitoring programs require an International Fisheries Trade Permit to import, export, or re-export fish and fish products subject to NOAA Fisheries' trade monitoring programs. Overview In April 2024 India exported $35B and imported $54. Users can utilize the numerous databases to search by product or country. The term 'import' is derived from the word 'port', implying that these goods are typically transported via ship from foreign countries. Discover a world of trade opportunities in one place with detailed information about imports, market dynamics, tariffs, regulatory requirements, potential buyers and more. Volza stands as the world’s leading Export Import Data Provider, offering export import trade data for over 82+ countries. Know the import regulations of foreign governments before you enter the market. Jan 2, 2024 · Market Overview. Import is part of the International Trade which involves buying and receiving of goods or services produced in another country. Final payments: The importer has to pay the C&F agent at this point. Documentary collection is, for the time being, no longer Jun 6, 2024 · Official website of the National Trade Development and Promotion Organisation of Zimbabwe +263 242 369 330 – 41, +263 867 7000374; Energising Zimbabwe's Export Growth. The tariffs make importing World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) software provides access to international merchandise trade, tariff and non-tariff measures (NTM) data. The most recent exports are led by Raw Copper ($6. Thailand imports mainly raw materials and intermediate goods (around 56 percent of total imports). Both exports and imports increased over 2021, as the Covid-19 pandemic restrictions eased. 00 USD Million in February of 1992. ph; bis_pntr@dti. Meanwhile merchandise imports hit US$ 428 billion, generating a Mar 1, 2024 · Import trade refers to the process of acquiring goods and services from a foreign country. g. What are Free Trade Agreements? A Free trade Agreement (FTA) is an agreement between two or more countries where the countries agree on certain obligations that affect trade in goods and services, and protections for investors and intellectual property rights, among other topics. Impact of Trade [2] Total Export-Supported Jobs Related to Manufacturing. The BEA, which publishes the A tariff or duty (the words are used interchangeably) is a tax levied by governments on the value including freight and insurance of imported products. Governments decrease excessive import activity by imposing tariffs and quotas on imports. Uniquely, the need for import financing arises due to the difficulties that business face when trading overseas alone Aug 29, 2023 · Import trade can lead to trade deficits, where a country’s imports exceed its exports, affecting its economic stability. Jun 25, 2024 · Thailand - Trade, Exports, Imports: Thailand’s trade patterns have changed dramatically from the early 1980s, when more than two-thirds of export earnings came from agriculture and less than one-third from manufacturing. The goods deficit increased $0. businesses compete in the global marketplace by providing export solutions, trade data and analysis, and trade problem resolution. Tel. ports, shippers, consignees, and manifests. We provide for a diverse client base that requires keen insight into international trade. Stay ahead of the competition with up-to-date market insights. 3 billion, up 13. Jan 3, 2024 · Import Requirements and Documentation. 2 billion. Customs duty and other charges are payable in Pakistani rupees. The bill is accepted, and payment is made to the seller through the bank. ph. Imports must have the following documentation: Invoice (unless a commercial sample under $25 in value) Ocean bill of lading, inland bill of lading, through bill of lading, air waybill (air cargo) Proof of insurance. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC). Apr 25, 2024 · The Import Safety Priority Trade Issue is designed to ensure that unsafe products do not enter the commerce of the U. Commercial Service —Monterrey. The Trump administration has enacted tariffs on imported solar panels, washing machines, steel, and aluminum, plans to impose tariffs on Chinese imports The Trade Finance Guide: A Quick Reference for U. Goods Trade: Imports & Exports by Related-Parties 2022. In 2021, the U. [13] In 2021, the United States experienced a trade deficit in 9 of the 10 merchandise sectors included in this report. trade and housing, including the latest news and analysis on the Federal Reserve and Central Banking. Sources of the original data: Original data from the American Association of Port Authorities. of Businesses Selling Products Overseas. Customs' import manifests. For the United States, the main goal of trade agreements is to Trusted by more than 10,000 businesses. The U. 9% from 2020, and imports from China were $527. Access the national permit system; View the user guide (PDF, 15 pages) Import and Export Trade Data Feb 9, 2024 · More than a third of US imports — valued over $3 trillion — come from Mexico, China, and Canada. With this data we can track vessels, U. , ex-factory invoices, freight documentation, insurance certificates) must be accompanied by import licenses. The world's most comprehensive global trade data platform. 15 USD Million from 1991 until 2024, reaching an all time high of 28082. 1% from 2020. businesses and consumers. The USA and UK have for decades had large trade deficits. May 30, 2024 · CBP will use all methods at its disposal—including increased bonding, enhanced targeting and inspection of high-risk imports, and swift and thorough review of allegations to ensure a fair and competitive trade environment. 67%) from $34. 92B from $9. The United Nations Comtrade database aggregates detailed global annual and monthly trade statistics by product and trading partner for use by governments, academia, research institutes, and enterprises. 78B), Gold ($955M), Precious Stones ($403M), and Ferroalloys Import Financing Solutions. : +52 818047-3248. Is your business looking to make that first export sale or expand into more markets, but needs clarity on financing options and methods? Jan 24, 2024 · Bureau of Import Services - Department of Trade and Industry. Quotas are established by legislation, Presidential Proclamations or Executive Orders. 332-597. Japan, China, and Germany, on the other hand, have enjoyed enormous trade surpluses. Gil J. Trade (1989–2023) Neighbors, allies, former enemies, and rivals make for an all-star cast. As a result, the trade deficit with China increased to $339. Taxes and quotas. Almost all countries require documentation for imported products and have certain regulations that must be met to ensure safety, quality, and conformity. According to the U. Both VAT and excise taxes are imposed on imports. How to Decrease Imports/Increase Exports 1. When you join ITA, you become part of a supportive, inclusive, and dynamic team. ”. The importance of foreign trade can be explained from the view point of Imports. Includes a list of goods that are prohibited from being exported to the country or are otherwise restricted. Other transactions involve services, such as travel services and payments for foreign patents ( see service industry ). 6 days ago · international trade, economic transactions that are made between countries. goods and services trade deficit increased in May 2024 according to the U. In 2021, U. Nov 11, 2022 · Import Tariffs. Bill of entry or airway bill. Nov 5, 2023 · For more information and help with import requirements and documentation in Mexico please contact: Manuel “Manny” Velazquez. For social and/or environmental reasons, Singapore levies high excise taxes on distilled spirits and wine Merchandise Trade summary statistics data for India (IND) including exports and imports, applied tariffs, top export and import by partner countries and top exported/imported product groups, along with development indicators from WDI such as GDP, GNI per capita, trade balance and trade as percentage of GDP for year 2022 Jan 27, 2023 · A Guide to Import Goods. Learn how to export, research foreign markets, and access ITA's success stories and media information. Understand the import regulation and get tariff rates before you sell to a foreign market. For imports, the value reported is the CBP-appraised value of merchandise—generally, the price paid for merchandise for export to the United States. The platform aids in discovering custom data, port data, and shipment data from the global trade database. Import quotas control the amount or volume of various commodities that can be imported into the United States during a specified period of time. 9 billion (18. 1 billion in May, as exports decreased more than imports. Publication 5444 (June 2023) Welcome to Shifts in U. The Department of Commerce released the report, U. Import Licenses (where applicable) All import documents (e. 94% (2016) Percentage of Exports by Small and Medium-size Companies. Along with their geographic proximity, the key North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA Jun 6, 2023 · To receive clearance for goods imported into Nigeria, traders typically must present a bill of lading, commercial invoice, exit note, duly completed Form ‘M’ entry declaration, packing list, single goods declaration, and a product certificate. The Uganda Trade Information Portal is connected to the Global Trade Helpdesk, an ITC, UNCTAD, and WTO initiative. Nov 4, 2021 · The General Imports value reflects the total arrival of merchandise from foreign countries that immediately enters consumption channels, warehouses, or Foreign Trade Zones. These are released in a monthly press release entitled U. By the early 21st century, agriculture contributed roughly one-eighth of export earnings and about one-tenth of gross domestic product, while manufacturing accounted for U. Census Bureau. exports, the overall merchandise trade deficit grew by $167. Import Finance is, to put it simply, the funding of the gap between receiving the goods, and sending the payment. 6 billion) was on consumer goods and 17% ($3 billion) was on capital goods. Import statistics provided by the Census Bureau for a variety of recent time periods on countries that exceed certain thresholds. Jan 18, 2024 · The trade deficit grew to $14 billion in 2022 from nearly $11 billion in 2021, with total imports reaching $18 billion due in part to rising imports of consumer goods, fuel, and semifinished goods. As of September 2019 the U. The last column of the table shows the last time the percent change (or dollar change) was larger. Just as exports do, imports also play a pivotal role in international trade. For companies exporting to the Republic of Korea, the following shipping documents are required to clear Korean Customs: · COMMERCIAL INVOICE: An original invoice and two copies must be presented with the shipping documents and must include total value, unit value, quantity, marks, product description and 4 days ago · The General Imports value reflects the total arrival of merchandise from foreign countries that immediately enters consumption channels, warehouses, or Foreign Trade Zones. industries, promoting trade and investment, and ensuring compliance with trade laws and agreements. Foreign trade plays a pivotal role in Taiwan’s economy, a fact underscored by the increase in its merchandise exports and imports. 21B (8. ee qy fg ik jm od ct tz mt dj